{"id":53570,"date":"2024-06-20T14:01:49","date_gmt":"2024-06-20T14:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visitrivieraapuana.it\/non-categorizzato\/forno\/"},"modified":"2024-09-20T14:46:37","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T14:46:37","slug":"forno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.visitrivieraapuana.it\/en\/explore\/places-to-visit\/forno\/","title":{"rendered":"Forno"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The origins of the locality of Forno date back to the Neolithic period, but its current configuration derives from the existence of factories for processing iron extracted from the surrounding mines, already active in the 13th century. During the 14th-16th centuries, the combination of the ironworks and the hydraulic power provided by the springs of the Frigido River at the foot of the village made the locality famous for the development of pre-industrial manufacturing activities. During the 17th-18th centuries Forno experienced a period of crisis due to the deforestation of the area: this generated a further crisis in the ironworks sector, which gave way to marble quarrying from nearby quarries and the hat industry. The latter made Forno an important production center by beginning to boast of eight factories for the manufacture of hats sold both in Italy and abroad. The factories came to purchase fine materials from Egypt, France, nearby Sicily, and several other places. Toward the end of the 19th century, following the intensification of the marble industry, the village underwent other changes. Taking inspiration from British industrial villages, an industrial settlement was planned that included nucleus capable of accommodating more or less 1,000 people, including residences, workplaces, workers&#8217; housing and social services that could help and support the workers engaged in the factory. Following this, the Filanda production center was created, built at the foot of the Frigido near an old ironworks dating back to the 18th century. The factory produced cotton yarn by harnessing energy from the spring, providing employment for hundreds of people who benefited from particularly state-of-the-art services.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245417&quot;:false,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">But how did the spinning mill work? Cotton bales arrived at the warehouse, where they were stored awaiting processing. From the warehouse, they were then transported to the department called Mischia. Here they were opened and blended to obtain a uniform fiber: blending was essential to ensure the quality of the final product. After blending, the material was sent to the beaters, machines that reduced the cotton strands from three to one. The process was used to clean and untangle the cotton fibers, preparing them for the next stage of preparation for spinning, which included: the Carders, the Ironer, and the Coarse, Medium, and Fine Benches. The material then passed through the Spindles, where it was actually spun, transforming the fibers into continuous yarn. Once spun, the product was passed through the Aspe and Bubiloni to be knotted and wound into skeins. Finally, the finished yarn was washed to remove any residue and improve its softness and luster. After washing, the product was then transported to the warehouse where it was packed and prepared for shipment. The multi-step process required a great deal of manpower and specialized machinery. The Spinning Mill thus represented an important center of production and industrial organization that was particularly advanced for the time. After a profitable period, the Filanda was burned down in 1944 by the Nazi army, which marked the village with wartime events, commemorated annually in June at the Oratory of St. Anne, built in 1600. The village was the site of the mass slaughter in which nearly 70 people lost their lives in 1944.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245417&quot;:false,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In 1985 the spinning mill was restored and currently houses the Documentation and Visitor Reception Center of the Apuan Alps Park. Within the village, there are several structures that recall the history of Forno. Downstream is the church of San Pietro, while walking along the Via Vecchia, one reaches the Casa dei Leggi. Along Via del Commercio, on the other hand, are the Socialist House and just outside the village is the Worker&#8217;s Palace, which was able to house the workers of the Spinning Mill.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245417&quot;:false,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\"> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The origins of the locality of Forno date back to the Neolithic period, but its current configuration derives from the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":54369,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[150],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-places-to-visit"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Forno - Visit Riviera Apuana<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visitrivieraapuana.it\/esplora\/luoghi-da-visitare\/forno\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Forno - 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